Chayakkaran in India

The Chayakkaran have only been reported in India
Population
Main Language
Largest Religion
Christian *
Evangelical
Progress
Progress Gauge
* Data can be from various sources including official census, agencies, and local research. Data from these sources can sometimes differ even by orders of magnitude. Joshua Project attempts to present a conservative, balanced estimate.

Introduction / History

The Chayakkaran people live in the southern Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. They speak, read, and write Tamil, linking them closely to the broader Tamil cultural world of South India. Within the traditional social framework of India, they are not regarded as belonging to the highest castes, yet neither are they considered among the lowest. Their community background is associated with occupational traditions and family customs shaped by regional Hindu culture.

Their history and identity are connected to the social and economic life of South India, where artisan work, agriculture, trade, and family networks have long influenced community life.


What Are Their Lives Like?

Traditionally, the Chayakkaran people have been involved in dyeing and weaving, with both men and women participating in this work. These occupations require practical skill and cooperation within households and local communities. Over time, some have expanded into cultivation, business, and trading, reflecting changing economic opportunities.

Family life follows recognizable cultural patterns found in parts of South India. Cousin marriage is practiced within the community, widowers may remarry, and both sons and daughters may receive shares of family property after the death of a father. Family relationships, work responsibilities, and community customs likely play an important role in daily life. Food, social interaction, and festivals are influenced by the wider Tamil cultural setting of Tamil Nadu and Kerala.


What Are Their Beliefs?

The Chayakkaran people formally practice Hinduism. Their religious life includes devotion shaped by Hindu beliefs, rituals, and traditions. Alongside Hindu worship, they also practice ancestor veneration, reflecting a form of religious syncretism in which reverence for family ancestors remains spiritually significant.

Like many Hindu communities, religious expression may include temple participation, offerings, prayers, observance of festivals, and seeking blessing, protection, or favor through ritual practice. Their worldview is influenced by Hindu concepts concerning duty, spiritual merit, and the cycle of life, death, and rebirth.


What Are Their Needs?

The Chayakkaran people need the abundant life, forgiveness, and hope that Jesus Christ alone offers. They need opportunities to hear the gospel clearly in their own language and cultural context through caring relationships and faithful witness.

Alongside spiritual needs, communities engaged in labor, cultivation, and trade may also benefit from stronger access to healthcare, education, economic opportunity, and support for family well-being. Compassionate Christian engagement that joins gospel proclamation with practical care can help address both spiritual and everyday challenges.


Prayer Items

Pray that Christians and Indian believers will lovingly reach out to the Chayakkaran people and guide them toward a clear understanding of Jesus Christ.
Pray that the Chayakkaran people will experience a deep spiritual hunger that leads them to seek Jesus Christ no matter what the cost.
Pray that the Chayakkaran people will be adopted through the People Group Adoption program so that sustained prayer, long-term partnership, and future gospel engagement will continue among them.
Pray for their physical needs, including improved access to healthcare, schools, stable livelihoods, and resources that strengthen families and communities.


Scripture Prayers for the Chayakkaran in India.


References

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hinduism
https://www.censusindia.gov.in
https://www.britannica.com/place/Tamil-Nadu
https://www.britannica.com/place/Kerala-state-India


Profile Source:   Joshua Project  

People Name General Chayakkaran
People Name in Country Chayakkaran
Alternate Names Ahambadian; Cayakkar; Chayyakaran; Mudaliar; Pattadai; Pillaimar; Sayakkaran; Thuluva Vellala; Vannan; Vudayar; चयककरण
Population this Country 44,000
Population all Countries 44,000
Total Countries 1
Indigenous Yes
Progress Scale Progress Gauge
Unreached Yes
Frontier Yes
GSEC 1  (per PeopleGroups.org)
Pioneer Workers Needed 1
PeopleID3 16646
ROP3 Code 111855
Country India
Region Asia, South
Continent Asia
10/40 Window Yes
National Bible Society Website
Persecution Rank 12  (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking)
Total States on file 3
Largest States
Tamil Nadu
33,000
Kerala
11,000
Delhi
100
Districts Interactive map, listing and data download
Specialized Website South Asia Peoples
Country India
Region Asia, South
Continent Asia
10/40 Window Yes
National Bible Society Website
Persecution Rank 12  (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking)
Total States 3
  Tamil Nadu 33,000
  Kerala 11,000
  Delhi 100
Website South Asia Peoples
Primary Religion: Hinduism
Major Religion Estimated Percent *
Buddhism
0.00 %
Christianity
0.00 %
Ethnic Religions
0.00 %
Hinduism
100.00 %
Islam
0.00 %
Judaism
0.00 %
Non-Religious
0.00 %
Other / Small
0.00 %
Sikhism
0.00 %
Unknown
0.00 %
* From latest India census data.
Current Christian values may substantially differ.
Primary Language Tamil (36,000 speakers)
Ethnologue Language Code tam
Ethnologue Language Familly Dravidian
Glottolog Language Family Dravidian
Written / Published Yes   (ScriptSource Listing)
Total Languages 2
Secondary Languages
Malayalam
5,500
Primary Language Tamil (36,000 speakers)
Ethnologue Language Code tam
Ethnologue Language Familly Dravidian
Glottolog Language Family Dravidian
Written / Published Yes   (ScriptSource Listing)
Total Languages 2
Secondary Languages
  Malayalam 5,500

Primary Language:  Tamil

Bible Translation Status  (Years)
Bible-Portions Yes  (1714-1956)
Bible-New Testament Yes  (1715-1998)
Bible-Complete Yes  (1727-2024)
FCBH NT (www.bible.is) Online
YouVersion NT (www.bible.com) Online
Possible Print Bibles
Amazon
World Bibles
Forum Bible Agencies
National Bible Societies
World Bible Finder
Virtual Storehouse
Resource Type Resource Name Source
Audio Recordings Audio Bible teaching Global Recordings Network
Audio Recordings General Ministry Resources General / Other
Audio Recordings Love letter to you from scripture Father's Love Letter
Film / Video Following Jesus video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video God's Story video God's Story
Film / Video Indigitube.tv Video / Animation Create International
Film / Video Jesus Film: view in Tamil Jesus Film Project
Film / Video LUMO film of Gospels Bible Media Group/LUMO
Film / Video Magdalena video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video My Last Day video, anime Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Rivka video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Story of Jesus for Children Jesus Film Project
Film / Video World Christian Videos World Christian Videos
General Bible for Children Bible for Children
General Bible in text or audio or video Internet Publishing Sevice
General Bible in text or audio or video South Asia Bibles
General Biblical answers to your questions Got Questions Ministry
General Comprehensive list of Tamil Resources General / Other
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Gospel website in this language General / Other
General Scripture Earth Gospel resources links Scripture Earth
General Voice of the Martyrs resources Voice of the Martyrs
General YouVersion Bible versions in text and/or audio YouVersion Bibles
General Zume Resources Zume Project
General Zume Training Zume Project
Mobile App Android Bible app: Pastors Study Bible Tamil Grace Ministries and Dusty Sandals
Mobile App Android Bible app: Tamil YouVersion Bibles
Mobile App Android Bible App: Tamil Bible (தமிழ் பைபிள்) Indian Revised Version (IRV) Operation Agape
Mobile App Android Bible app: Tamil Study Bible Grace Ministries and Dusty Sandals
Mobile App Android Bible Radio app: Tamil Bible Radio Shalom Design S2dio
Mobile App Children's Bible app Bible4Kidz
Mobile App Download audio Bible app as APK file Faith Comes by Hearing
Mobile App Download audio Bible app as APK file Faith Comes by Hearing
Mobile App Download audio Bible app from Google Play Store Faith Comes by Hearing
Mobile App iOS Bible app: Tamil YouVersion Bibles
Mobile App iOS Bible Radio App: Tamil Bible Radio iOS Revive India
Text / Printed Matter Children and youth resources One Hope
Text / Printed Matter Literacy primer for Tamil Literacy & Evangelism International
Text / Printed Matter tools for gospel conversations Cru
Text / Printed Matter Topical Scripture booklets and Bible studies World Missionary Press
Map Source People Group data: Omid. Map geography: UNESCO / GMI. Map Design: Joshua Project.  
Profile Source Joshua Project 
Data Sources Data is compiled from various sources. Learn more.