Mala (Christian traditions) in India

The Mala (Christian traditions) have only been reported in India
Population
Main Language
Largest Religion
Christian *
Evangelical
Progress
Progress Gauge
* Data can be from various sources including official census, agencies, and local research. Data from these sources can sometimes differ even by orders of magnitude. Joshua Project attempts to present a conservative, balanced estimate.

Introduction / History

The Male people of India are a small ethnic community found primarily in parts of southern India, particularly in coastal and inland regions where trade routes historically encouraged cultural exchange. They speak a regional form of Malayalam, reflecting close ties to the broader linguistic and cultural patterns of Kerala. Their historical roots are often linked to local caste and occupational identities, shaped over generations by agriculture, small-scale trade, and service-oriented labor.

Christian influences among the Male emerged through contact with long-established church traditions in southern India. Over time, a portion of the community adopted Christian practices, often through interaction with existing Christian groups in the region rather than through isolated missionary encounters. As a result, their identity today reflects both their ethnic heritage and their connection to historic Christian expressions in India.


What Are Their Lives Like?

Daily life among the Male tends to center on family and community. Extended families often live near one another, maintaining strong kinship bonds and shared responsibilities. Elders are respected, and decisions about marriage, work, and property frequently involve the wider family network.

Livelihoods vary, but many Male people are involved in agriculture, working in rice fields, coconut groves, or small garden plots. Others find employment in fishing, local trade, or skilled labor. In more urban settings, some work in service industries or small businesses. Economic life is often modest, with income tied to seasonal patterns or local demand.

Food habits mirror the broader cuisine of southern India. Meals commonly include rice, lentils, vegetables, and coconut-based dishes, often flavored with spices such as curry leaves, mustard seeds, and chilies. Fish is a regular part of the diet in coastal communities.

Festivals provide moments of joy and communal identity. Christian Male families celebrate church feasts, Christmas, and Easter, often incorporating local customs such as shared meals and community gatherings. Recreational activities may include storytelling, traditional music, and informal games, as well as participation in community events organized by churches or local groups.


What Are Their Beliefs?

Among the Male, those identified with Christian traditions are mostly affiliated with historic church bodies common to southern India. However, their faith expression is often shaped by a blending of influences. While they identify as Christians and may participate in church life, elements of older religious worldviews can still persist.

Some continue to hold beliefs about spiritual forces, ancestral influence, and unseen powers that affect daily life. In times of illness, hardship, or uncertainty, individuals may seek help not only through prayer but also through traditional practices aimed at appeasing or resisting these forces. This reflects a worldview in which the spirit world remains active and significant.

As a result, faith in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord may not always be fully understood or consistently emphasized. Instead, Christian identity can coexist with a reliance on rituals, intermediaries, or customary observances that do not originate from biblical teaching. The mixture of formal Christian doctrine with traditional spiritual concerns creates a setting where spiritual clarity is still developing.


What Are Their Needs?

The Male people face a range of practical challenges that affect daily life. Access to consistent healthcare can be limited, particularly in rural areas where medical facilities are distant or understaffed. Preventable illnesses and treatable conditions can become serious due to delays in care.

Educational opportunities, especially beyond primary levels, are not always readily available. Young people may leave school early to support their families, limiting long-term economic prospects. Greater access to quality schooling and vocational training would strengthen their future stability.

Clean water and sanitation remain ongoing concerns in some communities. Improved infrastructure in these areas would significantly enhance health and quality of life. In addition, economic opportunities that provide steady income—rather than seasonal or uncertain work—would help reduce financial vulnerability.


Prayer Items

Pray that Male believers would grow in a clear and confident understanding of salvation through Jesus Christ alone.
Ask the Lord to strengthen local churches so they can address spiritual confusion and faithfully disciple their members.
Pray that Christians among the Male would become a vibrant witness, sharing the gospel with neighboring communities that need hope that only Jesus can offer.

References


Scripture Prayers for the Mala (Christian traditions) in India.


Profile Source:   Joshua Project  

People Name General Mala (Christian traditions)
People Name in Country Mala (Christian traditions)
Alternate Names Adi-Andhra; Parayan; माला (क्रिस्चियन ट्रेडिशन्स)
Population this Country 466,000
Population all Countries 466,000
Total Countries 1
Indigenous Yes
Progress Scale Progress Gauge
Unreached No
Frontier No
Pioneer Workers Needed
PeopleID3 16627
ROP3 Code 111836
Country India
Region Asia, South
Continent Asia
10/40 Window Yes
National Bible Society Website
Persecution Rank 12  (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking)
Total States on file 16
Largest States
(only 15 largest shown)
Andhra Pradesh
309,000
Telangana
119,000
Karnataka
15,000
Tamil Nadu
8,900
Maharashtra
3,600
Chhattisgarh
3,500
Odisha
800
Madhya Pradesh
600
Puducherry
400
West Bengal
400
Delhi
300
Gujarat
200
Jharkhand
200
Kerala
90
Assam
30
Districts Interactive map, listing and data download
Specialized Website South Asia Peoples
Country India
Region Asia, South
Continent Asia
10/40 Window Yes
National Bible Society Website
Persecution Rank 12  (Open Doors top 50 rank, 1 = highest persecution ranking)
Total States 16
  Andhra Pradesh 309,000
  Telangana 119,000
  Karnataka 15,000
  Tamil Nadu 8,900
  Maharashtra 3,600
  Chhattisgarh 3,500
  Odisha 800
  Madhya Pradesh 600
  Puducherry 400
  West Bengal 400
  Delhi 300
  Gujarat 200
  Jharkhand 200
  Kerala 90
  Assam 30
Website South Asia Peoples
Primary Religion: Christianity
Major Religion Estimated Percent *
Buddhism
0.00 %
Christianity
100.00 %
Ethnic Religions
0.00 %
Hinduism
0.00 %
Islam
0.00 %
Judaism
0.00 %
Non-Religious
0.00 %
Other / Small
0.00 %
Sikhism
0.00 %
Unknown
0.00 %
* From latest India census data.
Current Christian values may substantially differ.
Primary Language Telugu (427,000 speakers)
Ethnologue Language Code tel
Ethnologue Language Familly Dravidian
Glottolog Language Family Dravidian
Written / Published Yes   (ScriptSource Listing)
Total Languages 4
Secondary Languages
Kannada
3,500
English
2,800
Konkani
Primary Language Telugu (427,000 speakers)
Ethnologue Language Code tel
Ethnologue Language Familly Dravidian
Glottolog Language Family Dravidian
Written / Published Yes   (ScriptSource Listing)
Total Languages 4
Secondary Languages
  Kannada 3,500
  English 2,800
  Konkani 10

Primary Language:  Telugu

Bible Translation Status  (Years)
Bible-Portions Yes  (1812-1966)
Bible-New Testament Yes  (1818-1989)
Bible-Complete Yes  (1854-2022)
FCBH NT (www.bible.is) Online
YouVersion NT (www.bible.com) Online
Possible Print Bibles
Amazon
World Bibles
Forum Bible Agencies
National Bible Societies
World Bible Finder
Virtual Storehouse
Resource Type Resource Name Source
Audio Recordings Audio Bible teaching Global Recordings Network
Audio Recordings Love letter to you from scripture Father's Love Letter
Audio Recordings Oral Bible stories One Story
Film / Video Following Jesus video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video God's Story video God's Story
Film / Video Jesus Film: view in Telugu Jesus Film Project
Film / Video LUMO film of Gospels Bible Media Group/LUMO
Film / Video Magdalena video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video My Last Day video, anime Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Rivka video Jesus Film Project
Film / Video Rock International: King of Glory Rock International
Film / Video Story of Jesus for Children Jesus Film Project
Film / Video The Hope Video Mars Hill Productions
Film / Video World Christian Videos World Christian Videos
General Bible for Children Bible for Children
General Bible in text or audio or video South Asia Bibles
General Bible in text or audio or video South Asia Bibles
General Bible in text or audio or video South Asia Bibles
General Bible in text or audio or video South Asia Bibles
General Biblical answers to your questions Got Questions Ministry
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Faith Comes By Hearing - Bible in text or audio or video Faith Comes by Hearing
General Gospel website in this language General / Other
General Scripture Earth Gospel resources links (Neethakani) Scripture Earth
General Voice of the Martyrs resources Voice of the Martyrs
General YouVersion Bible versions in text and/or audio YouVersion Bibles
General Zume Resources Zume Project
General Zume Training Zume Project
Mobile App Android Bible app: Pastors Telugu Study Bible Grace Ministries and Dusty Sandals
Mobile App Android Bible app: Study Bibles (Multiple Languages) Grace Ministries and Dusty Sandals
Mobile App Android Bible app: Telugu YouVersion Bibles
Mobile App Android Bible App: Telugu Bible (తెలుగు బైబిల్) Indian Revised Version (IRV) Operation Agape
Mobile App Android Bible app: Telugu Study Bible Grace Ministries and Dusty Sandals
Mobile App Android Bible Radio app: Telugu Bible Radio Shalom Design S2dio
Mobile App Android Book Reading app: Open Bible Stories (Telugu) Shalom Design S2dio
Mobile App Children's Bible app Bible4Kidz
Mobile App Download audio Bible app as APK file Faith Comes by Hearing
Mobile App Download audio Bible app as APK file Faith Comes by Hearing
Mobile App Download audio Bible app from Google Play Store Faith Comes by Hearing
Mobile App iOS Bible app: Telugu YouVersion Bibles
Mobile App iOS Bible Radio App: Telugu Bible Radio iOS Revive India
Text / Printed Matter Children and youth resources One Hope
Text / Printed Matter Literacy primer for Telugu Literacy & Evangelism International
Text / Printed Matter The Ancient Path Live Global
Text / Printed Matter tools for gospel conversations Cru
Text / Printed Matter Topical Scripture booklets and Bible studies World Missionary Press
Photo Source (Representative photo)
Copyrighted © 2026  Isudas  All rights reserved.  Used with permission
Map Source People Group data: Omid. Map geography: UNESCO / GMI. Map Design: Joshua Project.  
Profile Source Joshua Project 
Data Sources Data is compiled from various sources. Learn more.